National Intigration in Malaysia

This article examines the direction of ethnic politics in Malaysia by investigating the 2008 election results and the subsequent political maneuverings of political parties following the election. The results do not clearly demonstrate the demise of ethnic politics; however, the communal political paradigm of the Barista National Party (BIN) has become increasingly ineffective in its attempts to appease both Malay and non- Malay communities.Following the election, the BIN seems to have moved towards the adoption of a multivalent agenda, whereas its affiliated parties have chosen to maintain their communal political paradigm. Furthermore, the Pakistan Arrays has not outlined a clear multivalent platform and has failed to reject communal politics. The Malaysian political paradigm has yet to shift qualitatively away from ethnic politics. View full text Download full text One of the key concepts of national integration in Malaysia is to increase and develop the country economically.In a plural society like Malaysia, citizens nowadays hardly ark together due to lack of communication between each another. Therefore, it is important for national integration to take place so that people in Malaysia work together and help each other to increase the country's income; this is because when there is unity there is teamwork. On the other hand, according to Data Limit P. G. (2003) building a harmony society is also one of the key concepts of national integration.Malaysia a country that has many types of races of people must reduce the difference between them and to come as one to create a community with strong oral and ethic values so that a harmony society can be build. According to Boolean (2007), the other key concept of national integration is to motivate Malaysian nowadays to learn to unite with each other and also to enhance the patriotism spirit in them. This is to ensure that people from various ethnic groups here can learn to tolerate each other and work together to bring our country forward.Bell Abstract An important characteristic of many countries is that they exhibit, to greater or lesser intergovernmental fiscal systems. This paper explores some of the varied extents and manners in which such asymmetrical treatment may help or hinder the maintenance of an effective nation-state, where â€Å"effectiveness† encompasses both how effectively, efficiently, and (perhaps) equitably public services are provided throughout the national territory and also the effects asymmetry may have on the very existence of â€Å"fragmented† nation-states.Key words: federalism, decentralization, asymmetry, subsidiaries JELL codes: HUH, DAD Belgium, Bosnia-Herringbone, Canada, People's Republic of China, Germany, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Philippines, Russia, Spain, Sudan, Switzerland?what can this diverse set of countries possibly have in common? One important answer is that each contains within its boundaries a significant territorially based group o f people who are, or who consider themselves to be, distinct and different in ethnicity, in language, in religion, or Just in history (ancient or recent) from the majority of the population.Indeed, contrary to the common view?one might say mythology?that the most natural† nation-state is a unified and homogeneous entity, such â€Å"fragmented† countries (Bird and Stauffer, 2001)1 are found throughout the world. Homogeneous nations are more the exception than the rule. Indeed, heterogeneity, whether ethnic or economic, is a more common feature of most countries than homogeneity. 2 A second important characteristic of many countries is that they exhibit, to greater or lesser degrees, some â€Å"asymmetry' in the way in which different regions are treated by their intergovernmental fiscal systems. While†¦ [continues]

Communication in Emergency Management

AbstractEmergency is an event or situation that occurs unpredictably causing damage to man and society. Management of emergencies is not as easy as event management. In emergency management, one has to be quicker, more knowledgeable and more resourceful in dealing with and solving emergency cases.In the same way that event management requires communication among its key persons (organizer, speakers, etc.), emergency management needs more of this element in order to carry out emergency plans well, for an effective damage prevention. The key players in managing well an emergency, namely the doctor, fire chief and police chief, must talk to one another not only to effectively do their part in the emergency management process, but also to be able to minimize as much as possible the damage done or threatening to be done. Emergency Management 101Dealing with emergencies is not a joke. It is a serious and urgent situation requiring immediate action so that no further harm can be made. Emerg ency defined is an urgent situation or occurrence threatening grave damage to man and society (P&I Services, 2006). Although emergencies are unpredictable, they can be dealt with proper knowledge and understanding both in handling the particular emergency and preventing further harm.Emergency management in its simplest sense is the process of managing emergencies or urgent situations. Managing an emergency includes assessment or assistance to affected party/ies, prevention of further damage, preparation for â€Å"after-shock’s†, responding to the situation swiftly and calmly, and recovering from such emergency situations (P&I Services, 2006).Emergency Management PlayersThe key players in the emergency management process are the hospital, fire department, and police department. The heads of these three institutions all contribute their part in the effective management of an emergency situation, and all their contributions greatly affect the success or failure of an emer gency management.Hospitals are health institutions that cater to the physical or biological welfare of people. Their role in emergency management is to ensure the health condition of affected parties. They are very important in a sense that their concern, which is human health, is of great importance to an individual, and in emergencies, threatening this part of human welfare is the first concern of an individual (Canton, 2006).The fire department on the other hand prevents the spreading of fire, the start of one, and minimizes the effects of fire to the people. Fire is a natural need of man to cook food for him, keep him warm, etc. But too much fire can threaten his welfare. The fire department, in the emergency management process, mobilizes fire situation if there is one, and prevents such fire from starting in order to minimize the harm already done.And of course, the police department plays a vital role in the documentation of emergencies. The first thing they do in an emergency situation is to mobilize the vicinity involved in the emergency, organizing the people within the vicinity to maximize the help and assistance they can contribute in the proper and effective management of the disaster at hand.These key players need to work together because even though they work differently, all their actions affect not just one another, but the whole emergency situation itself as well. Effective communication is the key to a productive and optimized management of emergencies.Emergency Management ProcessThe flow of an emergency management is as follows:First is the occurrence of the emergency. Emergencies take the form of major fire or explosion, flood, earthquake, storm or cyclone or twister, dangerous or threatening person/s (stalker/s, kidnapper/s, etc.), civil disorder, gas leak, chemical spill, and others. The initial response emergency management key players is to stay calm. As key players, their mind is in ensuring the welfare of people, particularly others n ot themselves, and not on things (Deakin University, 2006).With an emergency management coordinator around, s/he surveys the scene, before assigning tasks and assignments to his/her key players. S/he will weigh the graveness of each victim’s predicament then prioritize those who need help most at the most immediate time, and only then would s/he delegate the task at hand (Deakin University, 2006).Once the key players see the damage, they do their roles and organize themselves to cater to the needs of people. They start do what should be done to stop or minimize the effect of the crisis and to prevent further harm. The emergency management team would have to do their tasks on the spot since the emergency they are about to accomplish require their immediate attention (Deakin University, 2006).After having briefly dealt with the emergencies, victims are then evacuated to some place near and can accommodate to their needs more attentively.And of course, as emergency coordinator, s/he will gather his/her team and evaluate the work they have just done.Communication During Emergency ManagementThe key players work together, and so they could consider themselves a team. One could not completely accomplish a task if not for the help of another team mate. Their work is seen as a team, not as an individual, and so it is important that they communicate well with one another.The basic way to get them to talk to one another is to give them a reason to do so. Say, ask one of your key players to ask another key player about something. This strategy works when they have just met, and your team is not yet, of course, in the middle of a crisis.People are confident and comfortable in talking with another individual once they know something about them, even just their name. And so, as an emergency management coordinator, it would not hurt to hold an activity on the first meeting. Not only would they know who they work with, but also it gives them the chance to get comfortabl e working as a team, and trust one another as team mates.Many childhood activities do work in order to get the people communicating with one another. People may lack the initiative and confidence to speak to another because of indifference. Games do sound childlike, but then grown-ups find these as guilty pleasures. Name games and getting-to-know-you games are great starts for individuality-introduction activities.It would also greatly help if you, yourself as coordinator, do the talking first. Ask them about their interests, what they do other than the job they have, their history and the like. People talk when they know someone listens. Show that as coordinator, you want to listen, you are interested in your key player, and that you encourage others as well to listen and be interested.The art of talking does not only consist of saying everything about anything, rather saying things that concern your team that are of interest to them. Share your stories, to get them to share theirs , but then do not go overboard. Once they start, let them just handle the flow of the discussion.Another way of having them conversing with one another is setting up bonding sessions. Short, bonding, group activities allow individuals to be loose for a while and be ordinary human beings mindless of their work. Let them have such at the most convenient time, i.e. after a successful emergency management that didn’t take much of their energy that would also serve as a victory celebration. The opportunities are endless.Organizing the Emergency Management GroupOrganizing an emergency management group is not easy. It is a serious matter dealing with serious situations. Such group involves people—normal, social individuals. Thus, communication cannot possibly be taken away from such group. Communication not only strengthens the ties among the members of the group, but also allows them to work more efficiently.ReferencesCanton, L. G. (2006). Emergency management: concepts and strategies for effective programs. New York: Pantheon.Deakin University. (2006 May, 1). Deakin University: emergency management plan. Retrieved December 12, 2007 from http://www.deakin.edu.au/emergency/policies/procedures/Emergency%20Management%20Plan%202006%20Aug.pdfP&I Services. (2006 March, 7). Glossary. Retrieved December 12, 2007, from http://www.emergencymanagement.org.uk/faq/glossaryandacronyms/tabid/2090/Default.aspx

Media questions Movie Review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Media questions - Movie Review Example Since, besides the son’s attire, universal talk and dad’s military cap, the entire setting is more of a residential than that of a military. The strategically absent aspect in the video is the military setting, which ought to align with the young person’s attire and even the Video’s universal talk regarding the benefits of joining the army Formal appetites created encompass the desire of an individual to be strong, self-driven and confidence (Ott & Mack 151). This is evident in the manner in which both parents and the young person esteem these traits, which to present the beneficiary seems to enjoy. These benefits or traits (strong, self-driven individual and confidence) also share the same structural resemblances with the video especially from the narrative perspective, which offers the content of the video. For illustration, the young person confesses that initially when he was joining the Army, he had no clue about it. However, after the training and strict discipline, he has emerged being supremely confident about himself besides having other traits. The narrative praises the benefits attributed with joining the US Army especially among the young people. Since, after meticulous training and strict adherence of its discipline one emerges to be a morally upright and a reliable person, which is evident from the young man’s mother. Hence, advert calls upon all the parents not to disapprove their children’s suggestion regarding joining the army because besides shaping them to be good, it also makes them become â€Å"Strong†. The narration mode is calm besides a strong voice from the advert, which calls upon the parents to heed their children’s suggestions regarding joining the Army (Ott & Mack 113). In addition, the characters involved in the video, which is the entire family support the conclusion of the person voice who is presenting

The Role of Sound and Music in Modern Cinema Essay

The Role of Sound and Music in Modern Cinema - Essay Example This paper discrubes the most important effect the advent of sound had on screenplays was that screenwriters were now able to use dialogue and give their characters a voice. To make a conclusion a distinction can only be made regarding a director's specific stylistic and aesthetic choices within the respective crafts. And as the development of sound over the decades has shown, the advent of new technologies, film theory and criticism, audiences and genre expectations, studio interests, marketing issues, casting, social movements, trends and fashions can all influence a director's reasoning behind the individual design of a soundtrack. By exploring the historical development of sound in the movies, from a pianist visualising galloping horses to its first appearance in The Jazz Singer in 1927, to the masterfully executed dance scene in Godard's Band a parte, to Tarantino's post-modern usage of popular song, it is clear that sound has developed into the equal partner of cinematography as the director's main storytelling tool. Pioneered over the decades by such versatile directors like Renoir, Godard, Hitchcock, Leone and Coppola, sound design and score have given characters a voice, locations an atmosphere, the narrative an unifying force and resulted in audiences not only being able to enjoy spell-bounding visuals, but also to appreciate a film with all its emotional, subconscious, realistic or surrealistic audio-aesthetic facets. To conclude, sound design and score can't be read as unrelated entities in a films' soundtrack. Throughout the history of cinema, filmmakers have discovered that sound design and film music are equally effective story telling tools.... The following examples show how sound has been used as a versatile and powerful storytelling tools in the movies. Sound can: set up the mood for a film: The opening scene of Le Mepris where shots of Brigitte Bardot's naked body are accompanied by a melancholic score that indicates that tragedy is looming. reflect a film's theme: The 'duelling banjo' scene in Deliverance, where a hillbilly boy outplays a city-slicker, supports the film's theme of socio-cultural differences between rural and urban America. be used as an editing tool to create rhythm: The sex scene in Delicatessen where all activities in an apartment building rhythmically adapt to the sound of coil springs under a couple's bed. create suspense: The aggressive string motif in Jaws indicates a shark attack is imminent. reflect a character: The light-hearted flute melody that introduces free-spirit Nobody at the beginning of My Name Is Nobody. place a film in a specific cultural and historical setting: Ska, Northern Soul a nd 1980's pop songs make up the soundtrack of This Is England (2006) that is set in the English Skinhead scene of 1983. It has to be noted that aforementioned films are examples of how sound design and film music (meaning both a score that is specifically composed for a film as well as published music) are used as a storytelling tool. Indeed, it is hard to identify just one film that doesn't use sound design and music on its soundtrack. Hence, my argument in the following essay will be that sound design and film music don't exist separately but make up a movie's aural landscape together, as they are both powerful audio storytelling tools in their own right. Furthermore, I will analyse the motivations behind individual directors' different approaches towards

HOW NOVA SCOTIA CAN BE A BETTER PLACE TO LIVE Essay

HOW NOVA SCOTIA CAN BE A BETTER PLACE TO LIVE - Essay Example The modern world requires the establishment of industrial buildings which emits hazardous gases in the atmosphere and toxic wastes in the water systems. Nova Scotia is not exempted from this problem of developed cities. According to Dr Ross, the president of the American Academy of Environmental Medicine, â€Å"Nova Scotia and New Brunswick already have significant problems with indoor air pollution and have an alarming number of cases of environmentally induced illness/chemical sensitivity and asthma† (Allergy and Environmental Health Organization 1). As a citizen of Nova Scotia, each of us should unite in order to fight this problem by ensuring that business organizations operating within our community adhere to the set standard in sustainable development. Furthermore, we should do small acts like cleaning up our yard, segregating and properly disposing our garbage. Literacy is an important issue which is being considered by not for profit institutions which all aim to provide a venue in educating both young and old (Literacy Nova Scotia 1). I believe that in this modern time, our society can better function if all the citizens are literate. If everyone is able to read, write, and comprehend, a level playing field is created where each one is considered for available job opportunities. Literacy also maximizes the potential of an individual and makes learning more efficient. I believe that well educated citizens will be more beneficial to the society as they are able to utilize their capabilities best. Lastly, Nova Scotia will be a better place to live in when everyone upholds moral excellence. The modern world brings with it moral degradation as parents lack the time to mold their children. Immorality causes the soaring number of crimes that we hear of everyday. Thus, in order to ensure peace and security, each of us should identify ways which we can contribute in

Data Recovery Software Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Data Recovery Software - Term Paper Example Judging by job websites such as Monster.com Computer Networking professional administers, maintains, and troubleshoots personal computers, printers and associated peripherals in a managed network environment to ensure a reliable computing system for other company staff, assists users as needed, administers, maintains, and troubleshoots telephone and voice mail systems. Mitchell names following basic job titles for computer networking and networking-related positions: Network Administrator, Network (Systems) Engineer, Network (Service) Technician, Network Programmer/Analyst, and Network/Information Systems Manager. By the data from US Department of Labour computer support, specialists and systems network administrators held about 758,000 jobs in 2002. 813,000 jobs were forecasted for 2003, so demand for Computer Networking professionals is growing. Judging by job websites, such as Monster.com following technical skills are required for Computer Networking professionals: Strong working knowledge of installing, configuring, and troubleshooting personal computers in a network environment. In-depth technical knowledge of popular software: Windows NT, 2000, XP, 2003 Server, Administration tools / Ping & trace utils, Backup software, Data recovery software, Help desk software, Network inventory software,   Network monitoring/management, Remote control software, Software distribution, and metering and Storage software. Understanding needs, identifying root causes of problems, and development and implementation creative and pragmatic solutions. Ability to diagnose and resolve hardware and software problems for end-users, such as difficulties accessing and utilizing network-based resources. Monitoring virus infection notifications. Monitoring and responds to alerts and other observed troubles with network servers, infrastructure, print queues.   

Marketing Service Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Marketing Service - Essay Example Aim and Objectives: To understand the influence of service experience and its effects on service purchase process. To understand the significance of customer experience in the creation of competitive advantage for the organizations. Theoretical Framework: The theoretical framework is very useful as it assists academics in formulating a precise research direction and focus, and for businesses in identification of the stages that require improvement, and hence necessitate more resources allocated to it. A theoretical framework is a compilation of interconnected concepts, similar to a theory but not essentially worked-out well. â€Å"Theoretical frameworks are obviously critical in deductive, theory-testing sorts of studies† (Bhojanna 2007). When the consumer services, they pass through three main stages, ie; pre-purchase stage, service encounter stage, and post-encounter stage. Three-Stage Model of Service Consumption: (Tsiotsou & Wirtz 2011). The stage of pre-purchase in the de cision-making process for services is more complex, when compared to that of goods. The decision-making process involves a lot of time, because of consumer participation in the service production process. In the pre-purchase stage, consumers are prompted into action, by the creation of a need to begin the search for information, and assess alternatives for a particular service, ahead of deciding whether to buy or not. â€Å"But learning about pre-purchase behavior is equally important† (Finn 2008). The answer for the reason behind the customer’s thought to buy a particular product will eradicate all presumptions and will help in succeeding a long term customer relationship. Consumers pass on to the next stage of service experience, subsequent to the decision to make a purchase. In the service encounter stage, the consumer intermingles straightly with the service firm, and it is the way by which consumers produce value, and evaluate their service experience. Consumer sa tisfaction, and their perception regarding the service quality, have great importance in the last stage of the service consumption process (ie; the post purchase behavior), because of their relationship with business performance. On the other hand, the satisfied consumers, and those who have high perceptions regarding service quality may not go again to the same service provider. Role and Importance of Customer Service Experience and Service Marketing Mix- An Overview: A customer’s service experience pertains the serious of the interactions with the service providers, when customers try to communicate with them.   All types of customers are emotional, and they are likely to rate experiences on the basis of their expectations. â€Å"In order to be successful with all the customers, companies require generating and sustaining uniformity of experience across every channel. A complete communication experience will do more favor than just paying attention to the customer. †Å"The companies require learning the ways to communicate with the customers using different channels and also require making sure that the customer’s experience delivers actual value to them in exchange for time, attention, actions, information, and anything else† (The Importance of Positive Customer Service Experiences 2011). One of the great borders for innovation is the customer experience. Better customer experienc

Artist's intention Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Artist's intention - Essay Example New Criticism is even more aptly applied to the fine arts because of the elevated level of abstraction involved which indicates that it is probably impossible to understand a work solely through the artistic intention. To assume that it is possible to understand a work of art solely by understanding the intent of the artist is to also to make a leap of faith that the artist is being completely honest about his intent. How many people every day do things for one reason, but say they did them for another reason. Jeff Koons, for instance, is famous for having a team of â€Å"assistants† who do much of his work for him (Avgikos 137). How many more artists do the same thing, or something else which can bring their honesty into question, without making it part of their artistic persona. Should one trust the stated intent of an artist more than a used car salesman? Are they not both, ultimately, in the business of selling their wares? Even when an artist is being utterly honest about his intent that intention must still be called into question. Freud’s theory of subconscious drives has long stopped being controversial; anyone who has ever thrown up their hands in frustration and said they couldn’t explain why they did something intuitively realizes the authenticity of subconscious urges and drives. The process of painting or sculpting is a process of the application of the mind to the hand and if the actions of the hand contains little mystery, it must be admitted that the landscape of the mind is fraught with mystery. The subconscious mind is littered with the memories that have been forgotten by the conscious mind; there is within the brain any number drives that are not realized by the conscious mind that can be interrupting that transmission to the hand. In very few cases do artists admit that they are working simply for money. In the capitalist system of the 20th century, especially, when the starving artist clichà ©

Our Countrys Good - Characters Reactions to the Play Essay Example for Free

Our Countrys Good Characters Reactions to the Play Essay The play tells the story of convicts and Royal Marines sent to Australia in the late 1780s as part of the first penal colony there. It follows Second Lieutenant Ralph Clarks attempts to put on a production of George Farquhars comedy play called â€Å"The Recruiting Officer† with a cast of male and female convicts. The play also shows interesting turning points for the convicts and their attitude towards the George Farquhar play, which now will be looked into more detail. When the play is first proposed: Upon arrival in Australia, the Governor-in-Chief Captain Arthur Phillips suggests an activity or a form of education for the convicts during their stay. Second Lieutenant Ralph Clark takes on the idea to perform a play and decides on the comedy â€Å"The Recruiting Officer†. Midshipman Harry Brewer likes the idea, but Captain Watkin Tench laughs at the very idea. Nevertheless, Ralph Clark calls upon the first convict Meg Long who is very old and smelly, and who has no idea that Ralph is talking about making a theatric play; she thinks he means something sexual by the word â€Å"play†. Even still, she tells Ralph Clark that she will do whatever he wants. Moments later, a Robert Sideway shows up and is very intrigued by doing a play and tells a story about when he used to pick pocket outside a theatre in London. He is very enthusiastic with his words â€Å"I beg you, I entreat you, to let me perform on your stage, to let me feel once again the thrill of a play about to begin†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . Thereafter, another two female convicts arrive; Dabby Bryant and Mary Brenham. Mary is extremely shy, but has the ability to read unlike Dabby, although Dabby is very enthusiastic about the play. Afterwards, Liz Morden appears. She seems to be a very harsh lady and snatches the book from Ralph and says â€Å"I understand you want me in your play, Lieutenant. Is that it? I’ll look at it and let you know. † These words signal anger and pride, but still a slight interest in being included in the play. The reactions of the Royal Marines are in fact quite different. In Act One, Scene Six they hear about the newfound idea of making a play with the convicts. Major Robbie Ross is the one who is the most against the idea of having a play. He believes the convicts are there to be punished for their crimes, â€Å"You want this vice-ridden vermin to enjoy themselves? † Captain Watkin Tench is on Ross’s side and believes the convicts should do hard labour instead of leisure. The Reverend Johnson agrees that the play is unable to uphold Christian values and therefore decides that the play should not be allowed. He does not believe that the convicts can reform. The only neutral person in this discussion is Lieutenant Will Dawes who does not care if the play is there or not â€Å"Put the play on, don’t put it on, it won’t change the shape of the universe. † Only Ralph Clark and Governor Phillips believe in the idea of redemption and change for the convicts, and thus building up a society amongst them all. Therefore, the Governor allows the play to proceed as Ralph Clark intended. Whilst the play is being rehearsed: Many of the convicts are disappointed in the roles they have received and there is constant confusion of the disappearance of Kable and John Arscott, where some are indicating that they have escaped. The convicts appear to be having misconceptions about acting although they are trying their best to perform. Liz Morden who appeared to be a having a negative attitude towards everything, seems now to have a more formal way of speaking and is very enthusiastic about her lines, but only remembers them because they were read to her and therefore speaks very fast. She also seems to have gained a nicer approach to her inmates â€Å"Thank you, Lucy, I do much appreciate your effort. † Ralph Clark performs a major leading role in teaching the convicts how to read their lines and act it out at the same time. He is still very interested in the play. But Major Ross ruins their rehearsals when he enters and disrupts their play by accusing Ralph for the escape of Arscott and Kable â€Å"Five men have run away and it’s all because of your damned play and your so-called thespists. † After the incident, half of the convicts end up enchained and Ralph Clark is considering shutting down the play, but Governor Phillips explains that he should not. Liz Morden, John Wisehammer, John Arscott and Black Caesar are all in chains, but still continue to rehearse the play. This gives an idea of a newfound passion for the play and a new aim in their lives before they are hanged. In the second rehearsal, some convicts are still in chains and Major Ross does everything he can to disrupt the play. Ralph makes a fool of Ross by telling him to leave â€Å"Major, there is a modesty attached to the process of creation, which must be respected. † This makes Ross even more angered and turns it around on the convicts. He makes fun of the convicts who still try to rehearse passionately. The rehearsal is stopped by the sound of Arscott’s cries. Later on, we see that Wisehammer wants to become a famous writer and he tells Ralph that he has written a new introduction for the play. The convicts are now all very into the play and they rehearse with great passion. Even when all the convicts are not present, they are forced to act to different characters, but they are willing and able. There are also some deeper emotions going on between the convicts and between Ralph and Mary. Ralph gets jealous when Wisehammer kisses Mary during the rehearsals, but Wisehammer feels it is part of the play and it should be taken seriously. Later on in Act Two, Scene Nine, Ralph and Mary are rehearsing together and they grow fond of each other as they act. â€Å"What you please as to that. Will you lodge at my quarters in the meantime? You shall have part of my bed. Silvia. Mary†. Ralph uses the words of the play to indicate his feelings for Mary and they both undress. By the conclusion of the play: In Act Two, Scene Ten, the Royal Marines are discussing the innocence of Liz Morden, and as she will not speak they think she is guilty (of stealing some food). But Governor Phillips reminds her of the play and she then speaks. This directly means she feels an obligation to her friends, and that dying would matter. She now feels she has something to live for and that is the play. Her words have also become more formal and she no longer sounds like a convict â€Å"Your Excellency, I will endeavour to speak Mr Farquhar’s lines with the elegance and clarity their own worth commands. † The play has brought everyone together and everyone has become nicer to everyone. During the backstage before the performance they discuss how to take the bow, which displays confidence in their upcoming performance and everyone is now focused on the play. Even Dabby is â€Å"suddenly transfixed† but she still wants to escape after their first performance which will get Ralph into trouble, so Mary is against it. Everyone pushes everyone to participate and motivates them. Black Caesar has stage fright but is forced to do it by his inmates. Wisehammer recites his new prologue which is surprisingly good which indicates his passion for writing and for the play itself. In conclusion, all the convicts have been convinced by the end of the play and they now feel the magic that the play contains and it had brought them all together, during rehearsals and throughout till the end.

The Great Patriotic War, Cold War, WWII Alliances Essay Example for Free

The Great Patriotic War, Cold War, WWII Alliances Essay The Great Patriotic War: The great Patriotic War is a term used in Russia or previous parts of the Soviet Union when referring to a part of the Second World War. It had originally been used first under the French invasion led by Napoleon and when referring to the First World War, before it again was used. The name represented fighting for your homeland. The Great Patriotic War (GPW) were during the German Occupation of the USSR, which lasted from 22nd of June1941, until 9th of May 1945. The Soviet term only refers to the war between USSR and Nazi Germany and its European allies on the east front were Germany had approximately 200 divisions. It does not refer to the war on the Western fronts, the war in Japan, The Soviets attacks on Finland and Poland, The 1940 invasion of the Baltic states or the 1941 invasion of Iran. The occupation of Russia or  «Operation Barbarossa » is the biggest military operation ever completed, both in manpower and in casualties. It had been one of the main goals for Hitler since the start of the Nazi Party in the beginning of the 1920s. In 1932 Hitler and Stalin signed a nonaggression pact, but Hitler only saw this as a good tactical maneuver. During the Germans time in Soviet they wanted to put a stop to communism and at the same time get rid of everyone that were a threat toward German power in Eastern Europe. Soviet refused to collapse, even though the Nazis had expected a rapid fall. Germany kept trying to push over Soviet so it would collapse, but Soviet knew how to use the surrounding to their advantage. Breakdown of wartime alliance: By the end of the Second World War, there were three main victors, Britain, The United States and the Soviet Union. At the start of the Second World War, this, Big Three, had one united goal; to bring down Germany, as it was threatening both the Capitalist West and Communist East. However, even though all three leaders; Churchill, Roosevelt and Stalin were allies in their goal, it does not mean that their relationship was a happy one, but they had to work together to defeat the Nazi Germany regime. After Germany was defeated, The Big Three met up on several occasions to deal with the aftermath of the war. At this time, their true motives came to be shown. Even during the war, there was already underlying tensions between the East and West countries, but they were forced to cooperate. As soon as their mutual enemy was defeated, tensions rose. The East and West had two completely different ideologies, which would present itself as a issue. The West supported Capitalism, based on free elections and the freedom of speech. In contrast, the East supported Communism. This comprised of a dictatorship, led by Joseph Stalin, lack of freedom of speech and essentially the government controlling peoples lives. There were mistrusts which ranged back to the 1918, that contribute to the breakdown of the Alliance. The West had felt that their values, freedom and Capitalism were being threatened by Russia. Stalin believed that is Communism was to be successful, and then a worldwide revolution would have to take place, meaning the collapse of Capitalism. Cold War: After World War II, Joseph Stalin saw the world as divided into two camps: imperialist and capitalist regimes on the one hand, and the Communist and progressive world on the other. In 1947, President Harry Truman also spoke of two diametrically opposed systems: one free, and the other bent on subjugating other nations. After Stalins death, Nikita Khrushchev stated in 1956 that imperialism and capitalism could coexist without war because the Communist system had become stronger. In October 62 the Cold War came the closest to being a hot war. USSR put up land based missiles in Cuba, because the US had many times tried to stop the communistic revolution there. They were close enough to hit the US and are known as the Cuban missile crisis or the October crisis. This were their first treat of mutual destruction. Also the coup de etat in Czechoslovakia in 68 and the Soviet satellite states were a treat towards the US. The Cold War were all the time driven by the Arms Race between the two super powers. They fighted over who could make powerful weapon and have the biggest military the fastest. The US took the first lead when they developed the atom bomb. After keeping on it for over a decade the two states agreed upon a settlement stating how big military forces they each were maximum allowed to have. Also Chine were added into this agreement as they also became Communistic after the Second World War. There were two hot wars during the Cold War. The war in Korea and the war in Vietnam. They both had a few similarities; both a country were the state had been split in two. The Northern parts were communistic and the south were non-communistic. In both wars the north part of the state tried to invade the south to make them communistic with the help from Soviet and China. The US helped both south part of the states defend themselves, in Korea the defense were sucsessful and they are today two seperate states, wile as in Vietnam its still today one communistic nation.

Team Performance within Marks and Spencer

Team Performance within Marks and Spencer Performance management is a systematic process which improves performance of organization by developing the performance of individuals and teams. It is a strategy of getting better results from the organization, teams and individuals by understanding and managing performance within an agreed framework where goals are planned, standards and required competence are clearly defined. Strategic performance management is a process for establishing mutual understanding about what is to be achieved, and for managing and developing people in a way that makes it possible to achieve the goals in the short and longer term. It deals with broader issues of the organization. It is a tool to evaluate how the business is performing. Line management plays a key role in strategic performance Management who drive and fully owned this as per corporate governance regulation. I like to quote some other definitions as below, Performance management is: The development of individuals with competence and commitment, working towards the achievement of shared meaningful objectives within an organisation which supports and encourages their achievement (Lockett, 1) Performance management is: the process of Directing and supporting employees to work as effectively and efficiently as possible in line with the needs of the organisation (Walters, 3) Performance management is a strategic and integrated approach to delivering sustained success to organisations by improving the performance of the people who work in them and by developing the capabilities of teams and individual contributors (Armstrong and Baron, 4) Be able to set performance targets to meet strategic objectives. Links between team performance and Strategic objectives. Team performance is directly related to companys strategic objectives. Organisation consists of number of people who works collectively to achieve common objective of the company which is profitability, thus if team performs well whole company will perform well. Every member of a team is assigned with specific day to day tasks which he/she is expected to do well and contribute fully for team collective output. Within team tasks are divided and resources are shared, they are interlinked and work with in cycle so, if one member doesnt finish his / her task in time it may slow down a whole next chain which can lead to slow down performance of a team as a whole. Slow progress may result loss of potential opportunities existed in the market and result in loss revenue which goes directly against the strategic objective of the company. Therefore, it is vital that each member of staff is chosen on the merit of job requirement and are fully equipped to perform his/her tasks with given time period. Team is judged on the basis of result they deliver. In Marks and Spenser each role is aligned with specific duties as per job description, over all aim is clearly defined, each member of staff is expected to deliver best customer services and are assigned with specific day to day tasks which ultimately lead to achieve organisational objectives such as monthly sales targets. Greater the team performance is the better chances are to meet organisational objectives. This proves that team performance is directly related meeting strategic organisational objectives. The principle is everyone will be working together to contribute to corporate profits. 1.2) Tools and technique available to set team performance targets There are many performance improvement models and tools available to set team performance targets, decision makers choose any model which best suits companys needs and assist its process. Ive listed below some which are most commonly used, Balance Scorecard: A multi-dimensional framework for managing strategy by linking objectives, initiatives, targets and performance measures across key corporate perspectives. Business Process Reengineering: An approach to review and redesign organisational processes in order to achieve improved performance in terms of cost, quality of service and timeliness EFQM Excellence Model: Organisational improvement framework for assessing strengths and areas for improvement across the spectrum of an organisations activities. Investors in People: National standard for improving organisational performance by training and developing people to achieve organisational goals. ISO9001 Quality System: Global standard and approach for quality management systems. The standard focuses on the management of processes and documentation in order to meet customer needs and expectations. Six Sigma: A disciplined methodology for process improvement that deploys a wide set of tools based on rigorous data analysis to identify sources of variation in performance and ways of reducing them Management by Objectives: It is a process where objectives are agreed with in organization so management and employees understands what they are in the organization. It is driven by objectives. Evidence over the past five years suggests that the use of the various improvement models and tools has been variable with equally variable impact. The aim of the review is to raise awareness and understanding of some of the more popular performance improvement models and tools available to organisations and to share learning in their use to date. It is hoped that the review will enable authorities to make more informed choices on the use of appropriate approaches or tools if appropriate to use them at all. MS uses investor in Business model and invest vast amount of its resources on training and coaching to improve people skills to contribute more professionally and provide best customer services. There is a full time coaching staffs assigned for each shift whose duty is to be on the floor and assist instantly where ever any member needs assistance or to ensure the customer services is at its best. Every contribution adds to achieve corporate profit. 1.3) Value of Strategic Performance tools to measure future team performance Managing employee or system performance assist the effective delivery of strategic and operational goals. It saves time, assist to measure the output, it improves business results. It helps to check if efforts are in right direction and are serving the purpose of the organization rather wasting time. Companies are using integrated software to record employees contributions that assist them to measure, analyze and enhance employees output. This brings direct or indirect benefits to the companies. Direct Financial Gains Maximizes sales Minimizes costs Avoid any overruns Comply with the organizational Goals Speedy implementation of any changes in strategic or operational goals. Marks and Spencer (MS) took a great advantage by implementing and constant reviewing and adapting right strategic performance tool which best suits its need and manage to turn its portfolio from making loss to producing profit since 2006 onwards, since then they are managing to keep company in profit despite tough market condition like recession hit economy where buying capacity is at its low. Be able to agree team performance targets to contribute to meeting strategic objectives 2.1) How to determine required performance targets with in teams against current performance The term KPI has become one of the most popular terms in business development and management. In theory it provides a series of measures against which internal managers and external investors can judge the business and how it is likely to perform over the medium and long term. Different organisations need to monitor different aspects of their environment, there are many monitoring modules, and Ive chosen to list some of them below, Product/ service Competitive analysis Customer satisfaction Marketing management Personnel management IT management Contingency planning For each monitoring module, one can then establish what the current level of performance is in a measurable and understandable way. This is the current performance. From industry sources, the benchmark level can normally be introduced (getting to benchmarks is often a difficult process and one requiring a mixture of low cunning and/or sophisticated analysis). Then a target level of achievement can be entered. Let us take an example of customer satisfaction module in Marks and Spencer. Customer Satisfaction; Current Benchmark Target 60% 90% 100% A mystery shopper also visits twice monthly and assessed each store. If they are maintaining standards and providing best customer care which MS is renowned for and then award score. Each store is expected to score 100%. The KPI is central to a number of other elements in the planning platform which provides the Basis for answering the three crucial planning questions: Where are we? Where do we want to be (and when)? How are we going to get there cost effectively? The most rapid way to establish the KPI within any set of monitoring information is to work through the three criteria in sequence. Is the control information key to success of the organisation? Can we measure it and influence it? Does it provide leading edge indications of future developments? In MS when a new member of staff joins the company, proper induction is conducted, his role is fully briefed to him / her in detail and all key performance indicator markers (KPIs) are agreed with in one to one meeting with Manager. First three months are considered as probationary period where staff is expected to learn and demonstrate all basic qualities which are required at this role. There is a standard Career path and Job titles are self explanatory, so with in probationary period staff is provided with a title as trainee customer assistance. After successful completion of probationary period the staffs is promoted to qualified customer assistant. Next level is to become section coordinator which leads to become section Manager at next level. 2.2) need to encourage individual commitment to team performance in achievement of organisational goals. The overall aim of performance management is to establish a high-performance culture in which individuals and teams take responsibility for the continuous improvement of business processes and for their own skills and contributions within a framework provided by effective leadership. This stage refers to working to ensure the performance objectives are achieved. Identify development needs and support it with professional training one need. When performance objectives are agreed, line managers will need to plan how to achieve expected level of performance. Provide all support and resources which he/she may need to undertake specific day to day tasks. For any new role Introduce comprehensive induction and probation period is to assess employees performance and assess their need. All employees should be motivated to work effectively and efficiently. This applies to all including one who has been working for same post for over the years. The essentials of effective performance management includes, Appreciate its purpose Clarity in process cycle and how individual can best contribute in it. Recognition of responsibilities Prioritizing task Effective communication and feedback Suggesting ways to meeting individuals targets. Rewarding employees MS always encourages staffs and provide full support to increase performance. Staffs are rewarded with bonuses and reward vouchers based on feedback from customer as well as from mystery shoppers. Managers work closely with staff on the floor and assist them wherever required. Career path is designed to encourage employees to perform at their best which ensured their professional growth. It is highlighted that without every ones individual performance and contribution over all success of organization is not possible. 2.3) Application of delegation, mentoring and coaching to the achievement of the organisational objectives Mentoring is a popular tool of personal development and type of training which is long standing. It refers to support, advice and guidance of most experienced person with in organisation to new or inexperience person for his personal development which brings benefits to organisation. It is essentially a supportive form of development. It focuses on helping an individual manage their career and improve skills. Personal issues can be discussed more productively unlike in coaching where the emphasis is on performance at work. Mentoring activities have both organisational and individual goals. Coaching refers to developing persons skills to improve job performance in order to achieve of organisational objectives. It is generally short term more organised and time bounded with regular meetings. Coach needs to be qualified or experienced with formal occupational role. It focuses on development of work related and more specific issues or immediate goals. MS has kept a specific role as a coaching member who preset on the floor and helps staff with their day to day activities and trains them wherever required. Mangers also work on the floor with team and use mentoring wherever they feel necessary. Mangers also delegate work with in team and seeing them through with successful completion while paying attention to manage other tasks. All this leads to team success which ultimately help to achieve strategic objectives i.e. Best store lay out and customer service which brings more sale and help corporate profit. 2.4) evaluate a team performance plan A Team Performance Plan is a detailed plan used to: Identify the desired performance levels of the team Identify how these performance levels will be achieved Provide guidance and direction to the team Measure progress towards the desired performance levels Although there are no strict rules as to the format of a Team Performance Plan they normally contain the following information: Specific goals for team development Performance measures Actions required to achieve goals An indication of how long goals will take to achieve The Team Performance Plan should align with the organizations overall objectives. This can be achieved by: 1. Aligning the Team Performance Plan with the Team Purpose 2. Aligning the Team Purpose with the organizations objectives Team Performance Plans might include the following types of goals: Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) Goals to improve team competency Team building goals One of the most fundamental purposes of performance management is to align individual and organizational objectives. This means that everything people do at work leads to outcomes that further the achievement of the basis of performance management 7 organizational goals. Individuals and teams are provided with the opportunity to formulate their own goals within the framework provided by the defined overall purpose, strategy and values of the organization. Objectives should be agreed, not set, and this agreement should be reached through the open dialogues that take place between managers and individuals throughout the year. In other words, this needs to be seen as a partnership in which responsibility is shared and mutual expectations are defined. MS set KPI for each member for staff as per their role, lets take an example of customer assistant who is assigned with following objectives, Quantitative objectives include date rotation of all products which help to bring down daily waste ratio and ultimately help to increase profitability of store. Staffs is expected to keep a close eye on inventory to ensure products are available at all the time which help to achieve weekly sale targets of the store. Qualitative objectives includes all products are tagged with correct price and place in a right position which is legal requirement and standard of MS. Staffs are expected to ensure customer safety is paramount. If there is any spillage on the floor it should be cleared quickly and any slippery floor is sign posted to aware customer with any possible hazards. Staff need to ensure the Environment is clean and customer friendly. Staffs are fully aware of product position and its description to answer and satisfy customer query if any. Be able to monitor actions and activities defined to improve team performance 3.1) Process for monitoring team performance and initiate changes where necessary Performance management provides better management control; it is flexible and responsive to their needs. It facilitates to comply with companies legal requirement. It also helps out in Audit. Workers know the criteria they will be appraised against. Goals are pre-defined. All businesses, whatever sector they are in, will have plans, aims and objectives. In some cases these can be very sophisticated but in some small businesses very modest. Whatever they are a business will need to monitor its performance in relation to these goals. Following are different ways of monitoring team performances, Meet with Team Conduct weekly or bi-weekly meetings with team leaders to review issues, share experiences, and resolve problems and concerns. Make sure that team leaders hold similar meetings with their team members, and that identified issues are recorded, communicated, and followed through to closure. Communication: effective communication may require nothing more than routine, informal, interaction among the team. Recognize Success Positive reinforcement is a key element of effective team building. This can be as simple as a few words of praise or public recognition, or nomination for a more formal rewards and recognition, such as Impact. Monitor Team Morale On a small project, management by walking around will be sufficient to assess team morale. On a project with multiple subprojects and/or a distributed team, more formal techniques such as team surveys may be used to identify problem areas that require corrective action. Conduct Team Performance Reviews Make sure that the process defined in the Employee Performance and Development Program is followed to provide regular, constructive feedback on each persons performance on the project. Reviews should occur at the end of each major phase, whenever the team member or his/her team leader is about to leave the project, at the end of the project, or on a minimum six-monthly basis. Lets take an example of Marks and Spencer where manager walk around on the floor every hour or so and observe each members performance against their agreed daily tasks, if needed they provide direction to member by prioritizing tasks. I like to pick Mckinsey 7-S Model to define a broad view of what contributes to performance effectiveness. McKinseys 7-S frame work In 1981 Richard Pascale and Anthony Athos started investigating success of Japanese industry, in the same time Tom Peters and Robert Waterman were exploring what made company excellent. The Seven S model was born at a meeting in 1978 between these four authors it was taken up by global management company called McKinseys, since then it is known as their 7- S model. It is used to organise a company in holistic and effective way. Shared Values This is interconnected centre of McKinneys model which describes what organisation stands for and what it believes in. Strategy It is a plan division of available resources over the period of time to achieve identified goals. Skills It refers to core competence of company workforce and their distinctive capabilities. Staff Number and type of staff members with in organisation Style Refers to Management style and how they act to achieve companys goal. Systems A procedure, process and routines which explain how the work should be conducted, financial system, MIS, performance appraisals and recruitment process etc. Structure The way Management structure is outlines, its hierarchy, i.e. centralised or de centralised, a matrix etc. 3.2) Evaluate team performance against agreed objectives Performance reviews are conducted by filling up appraisal forms with set of question in relation to KPIs set out and previously agreed with employees in one to one meeting. The outcome of review performance determine what action are required to ensure improve performance and future tasks are met. Any training required should be planned and resources are allocated in budget. Reasonable steps are taken to rectify problem if any. Excellent performance should be rewarded with bonus etc and it is assured to employees that their feedback/comments are valuable and their efforts are recognised. Any capability issue should be taken with care. Any underachievement should be dealt with as per companys policy guidelines and employee should be engaged in way where all efforts are made to provide enough support to staff to increase their output in order to achieve their targets. Manager should use all methods to increase staff performance that includes flexible hours, sharing of work load, providi ng new pattern of work, independent occupational advice, additional training and support. Marks and Spenser (MS) pays great attention to outcome of performance review, a copy of each review is attached with employees personal file. Any recommendations for training needs are scheduled at earliest opportunity. Any under performer is dealt with as per companys standard guidelines. 3.3) evaluate the impact of the team performance in contributing to meeting strategic objectives The out put of appraisal confirms if member has been able to meet his KPIs, if yes how should you rate them as that rating has a direct reflection of his/her contribution to companies objectives, if employees does well he is rewarded with incentives i.e. bonus payment as well as salary increase if he falls behind he is dealt with as per companies policy. In Marks and Spenser up until last year all employees were rewarded with Bonus payments because MS did well against its budget as well as its forecast. It was evaluated that this can not be achieved with out a great hard work team members had put it. 4) Be able to apply influencing and persuading skills to the dynamic and politics of personal interactions 4.1) determine influencing and persuading methodologies to gain the commitment of individuals to a course of action Market research shows that organization that invests and care about motivation of staff generally performs better. Organization is tasked with developing individuals and rewarding and retaining those who perform well. Organisations have a vested interest in finding out if the incentive schemes that they implement are resulting in the desired behavior from individuals. I like to highlight below the link between incentives and employee motivation. Paying for performance Advocates of pay for performance systems argue that good systems motivate employees towards achievements that support corporate goals and strategies. Rewarding the right behaviour By rewarding staff for their right behaviour motivates them to make the good performance consistently or make every effort to deliver best services all the time. Incentives and staff performance Incentives are very much welcomed by staff weather its time off or free drinks or bonus payments it motivate them to achieve higher goals or achieve excellent performance. The rewards usually relate to the achievement of certain goals, either personal, team or organisational, or a combination of all. In addition, the critical success factors are: 1. To keep the scheme simple 2. Participants should be able to calculate their incentive 3. Payouts should be meaningful 4. Targets are set in month 1 and goal posts are not moved during the incentive period Incentives do not work well in isolation from other management practices. Rather, they are further supported by other elements such as good working conditions, performance management, performance appraisals, and training opportunities. Weak administration and processes will inhibit its effectiveness. There are three contributing factors for performance motivation. Money Social recognition Performance feedback. Traditional Motivational Models and persuading methodologies to gain the commitment of individuals to a course of action Maslows hierarchy of needs Each of us is motivated by needs. Our most basic needs are inborn, having evolved over tens of thousands of years. Abraham Maslows Hierarchy of Needs helps to explain how these needs motivate us all. Maslows Hierarchy of Needs states that we must satisfy each need in turn, starting with the first, which deals with the most obvious needs for survival itself. Only when the lower order needs of physical and emotional well-being are satisfied are we concerned with the higher order needs of influence and personal development. Conversely, if the things that satisfy our lower order needs are swept away, we are no longer concerned about the maintenance of our higher order needs. Source (http://www.businessballs.com/maslow.htm) Douglas McGregor theory x y Theory x (authoritarian management style) The average person dislikes work and will avoid it he/she can. Therefore most people must be forced with the threat of punishment to work towards organisational objectives. The average person prefers to be directed; to avoid responsibility; is relatively UN ambitious, and wants security above all else. Theory y (participative management style) Effort in work is as natural as work and play. People will apply self-control and self-direction in the pursuit of organisational objectives, without external control or the threat of punishment. Commitment to objectives is a function of rewards associated with their achievement. People usually accept and often seek responsibility. The capacity to use a high degree of imagination, ingenuity and creativity in solving organisational problems is widely, not narrowly, distributed in the population. In industry the intellectual potential of the average person is only partly utilised. Tools for teaching, understanding and evaluating xy theory factors There are a number of fundamental concepts that underpin the Excellence Model that are reflected in the criteria and sub criteria of the framework. These concepts are: 1. Results orientation 2. Customer focus 3. Leadership and constancy of purpose 4. Management by processes and facts 5. People development and involvement 6. Continuous learning 7. Innovation and improvement 8. Partnership development 9. Public responsibility. Source (http://www.businessballs.com/mcgregor.htm) Frederick Hertzberg theory Herzbergs research used a pioneering approach, based on open questioning and very few assumptions, to gather and analyse details of critical incidents as recalled by the survey respondents. Herzbergs research identified that true motivators were other completely different factors, notably: achievement recognition work itself responsibility advancement In MS Bonus payments, rewards vouchers are used to gain individuals commitment which has been very successful. In addition names are posted on notice boards who ever achieve best customer services award of the month to recognise their employees effort. This also motivate other employees to work extra hard and be no 1 next time. Promotions are also awarded to persuade employees to take more responsibilities and face fresh challenges in order to progress on professional career. 4.2) discuss the impact of individual dynamics, interest and organizational politics on securing the commitment of individuals to a course of action. The approaches and tools vary. However all aim to address one or more of the following objectives, with the ultimate aim of improving performance: 1. Help understand what customers need; 2. Help organisations and employees become more results orientated; 3. Improve the quality of service to customers by improving processes or practices; 4. Provide a structured approach to strategic management; 5. Create links between individual, service and corporate objectives; 6. Translate strategy in to performance measures and targets and in doing so rationalise performance information; 7. Help demonstrate individual staff contribution to organisational objectives and create ownership of performance by staff involvement in the improvement process; 8. Identify strengths and areas for improvement; 9. Aid internal and external communication. Marks and Spenser selected Mary Gober method as chosen service style in order to enhance its reputation, improve sales and business results, and make employee and customer proud of Marks and Spenser. Through employees efforts, this service style became a part of MSs very nature, character which never fades away. It acts as a powerful force, consistently delivering great service every time customer interacts. The method really helped changing individuals behaviour throughout the chains of store. It emphasised that employees should be positive, take ownership and responsibility, be respectful and be determined from the minute they say Hello to customer to the minute say Goodbye, everything In Between and Beyond. This makes a dramatic, powerful impact on the customer and leaves a feel good impression. Summary The study of strategic performance management gives us the knowledge that how managers achieve the organization overall long term goal. The study of SPM is all about the need for finding common ground between strategy management and operations management. While strategy management seeks to make strategy relevant to employees day-to-day responsibilities, operations management seeks strategic context for implementation and improvement projects. This assignment give us an idea and understanding to find out the gap between management strategy, management accounting, and strategic human resource management to analyze the link between organizational strategy and systems of planning and control.

Exposing Boundaries in Wilsons Fences :: Wilson Fences Essays

Exposing Boundaries in Fences Fences is a play that deals with boundaries that hold people back and the trials and tribulations of those who try or wish to cross them. The characters are African-Americans in a time before the civil rights movement, living in an industrial city. The main character, Troy Manxson, is a talented baseball player who never had the chance to let his talent shine, with restrictions on race and his time in jail as the main obstacles that held him back. He is now hard working and loves his family. However, he tends to exaggerate and has his faults, most prevalent a wandering eye when it comes to women. His wife, Rose, is younger than him and loyal, but she may not have known about all of his faults when she married him. At the beginning of the play, Troy has a son from a previous marriage, Lyons, and a son with Rose, Cory. Also appearing are Bono, Troy’s drinking buddy, and Gabriel, his brother. All of the characters are "fenced in," by various barriers. Troy is working in a job where African Americans can get the lowest and most difficult tasks. On the home front, he has responsibilities to his family. Rose has chosen life with Troy as an alternative to "a succession of abusive men and their babies, a life of partying, or the Church." Troy’s son, Lyons, is supposedly a musician but is going nowhere. Cory has potential but has his dream of playing college football extinguished by both protective and jealous Troy. The characters must deal with hardships of daily life, racial discrimination, straining relationships with each other, and the feeling that this is all their lives are: somewhat of a confined space with no escape; fenced in. Troy’s brother Gabriel, although minor, is important to the play for many reasons. The most important is that while Gabriel perhaps has highest and most impassable fence around him, he is the only one who ignores it; he is not bounded, at least not in his own mind. Gabriel is seven years younger than Troy. They were both in a large family with a frustrated and abusive father. Gabe is the only family Troy speaks with now. Injured in World War II, Gabriel had part of his head blown away. He now has a metal plate and is confused and somewhat delusional.

Educational Philosophies Essay -- Philosophy Education Psychology Essa

Educational Philosophies Many different ideas of the correct educational philosophy exist. Highly acclaimed psychologists and educators developed these varying philosophies. Each of these philosophies have their strengths and weaknesses and have their positives and negatives in different situations. It is our job as educators to sift through this list of philosophies to find our own style and philosophy. We must research the pros and cons of each philosophy and pick and choose which sections of each idea to take out and make our own. Our job is also to familiarize ourselves with the philosophies that we do not agree with. So that we have a clear picture in our minds of what we want and do not want as part of our educational thinking and to have the knowledge to back up these opinions. After reading through different writings on each of these philosophies, I have begun to take on the task of sorting out which I choose to support and which I strongly oppose. Once having a clear idea of which philosophies appeal to me and which do not, I hope to have the groundwork laid to then analyze the philosophies and take from them what I need to develop my own personal philosophy. Sometimes to find out what you are or what you find true, you must first learn what you are not and what you do not find as truth. Therefore, in beginning my search for my own personal philosophy, I began with ruling out the philosophies that I am strongly opposed to. These philosophies are perennialism and behaviorism. Perennialism is a very conservative and inflexible philosophy of education. It is based on the view that reality comes from fundamental fixed truths-especially related to God. It believes that people find truth through reasoning and revelation and that goodness is found in rational thinking. As a result, schools exist to teach reason and God’s will. Students are taught to reason through structured lessons and drills. The teacher’s role is a fountain of knowledge, put in place to regurgitate the wisdom of the past and pass it down to the next generation. To begin with, I find this philosophy extremely outdated since church and state have been separated for quite some time now. Perenialism leaves no room for progression, which seems to be it’s objective. Students in these schools do not learn to think independently. They do not learn creativity or how... ...personal satisfaction. I most identify with this philosophy and strongly agree with the majority of its principles. As stated above, the most important lesson a teacher can teach a child is the importance of learning, the enjoyment of learning and how to learn. Above all, this is the most important lesson. I agree that students are self-motivated if the desire to know something. The job of the teacher is to make the student want to learn, not make the student learn. I agree that self-evaluation and self satisfaction should weigh above grades. Grades should be a measure more for the teacher, not the student. The humanistic philosophy can be effectively applied to literacy mainly with its ideas of choice and desire. Students will be more inclined to write to their best ability and read at a high level if they are the ones choosing the topic to write on or the book to be reading. Humanism parallels with my strongest conviction of teacher and once again I will repeat what I have repeated throughout this entire paper. The goal of literacy learning is to instill a love of reading and writing within them and to give them the tools to continue with that love.

Making a Job Offer

Making a Job Offer Klaudia Barsi ORG 522 – Managing Performance for Results Colorado State University – Global Campus Dr. Danielle J. Camacho April 20, 2013 1. Recommend whether Jane should receive a best shot, competitive or lowball offer? Why? Clean Car Care (3Cs) should make the best-shot offer to Jane. She is a high-quality finalist, and her current employer is a strong competitor regarding the benefits she receives. Jane is an excellent employee of her current employer.She is also up for a promotion and soon receiving 2 weeks of vacation a year. Jane’s employer will most likely make a counteroffer, if Clean Car Care extends the offer to her as the manager. Therefore; Clean Car Care should make the best-shot offer to her with strong incentives that could make her leave her current employer. The best-shot offer also needed to compensate her for the job's requirement for working on the weekends. Clean Car Care needs to go present the best overall offer to be ab le to employ Jane.Unfortunately, the low ball offer would be uncompetitive with Jane’s current employment situation. She is an excellent employee who is also up for promotion, making a competitive salary with benefits including health insurance with no co-pay. She is only willing to change jobs if the terms are right. Additionally, the competitive offer would still be unlikely to make Jane leave her current job and to accept the job offer from 3Cs. Especially, that she prefers not to work on the weekends and Clean Car Care requires her to work both Saturday and Sundays.A competitive offer could potentially match Jane’s current employment terms in salary and benefits; however, she is likely to be promoted shortly; which would make 3Cs â€Å"competitive† job offer pretty much a lowball offer. 2. Recommend other inducements beyond salary, health insurance, vacation and hours schedule that might be addressed in the job offer and why. There are different inducements that could be offered to Jane and convince her to leave her current employer. I would recommend Clean Car Care to offer Jane a one-time hiring bonus and relocation assistance.I would leave out offering the hot skill premiums. The one-time hiring bonus would be helpful for Jane and it would only be a one-time expense to Clean Car Care. In this scenario, Jane is willing to move and work for Clean Car Care if the terms are right. Since she is willing to move, the relocation assistance, such as paying for moving expenses and providing house hunting services should be included in her offer letter. This would help the transition from Jane’s existing work and home to her new work and home.OFFER LETTER Clean Car Care (3Cs) Company April 20, 2013 Ms. Jane Roberts 2423 Fenton Parkway Tucson, AZ 87658 Dear Jane: On behalf of Clean Car Care (3Cs) company, I am pleased to offer you the position of manager at 3Cs’ Northside facility. You will directly report to Arlan Autospritz, Pre sident, Clean Car Care. This is an exempt position with an initial annual salary of $33,500, which equates to $1,288. 46 per bi-weekly pay period. Annual merit increases can be earned based on your job performance.We have established Tuesday, June 4, 2013 as your first date of employment. Please report to our main office located at 4356 Northside Dr. , Tucson, AZ 23456 at 8:30 am. Your benefits go into effect as of your date of hire. Your benefits include, health insurance, flexible work schedule, and vacation time. Clean Car Care would be happy to assist you in the relocation process by providing $1,500 for house/apartment hunting and $5,000 for normal and reasonable moving expenses.Additionally, we would like to provide you with $2,000 of signing bonus. This offer is contingent upon the successful completion of a background check; a drug screening test; signing this offer letter; and any attached documents and returning those signed documents to our Human Resources department. Aga in, Jane we look forward to your joining Clean Car Care (3Cs) Company and wish you a prosperous career here. Please indicate your acceptance of this offer below no later than April 22, 2013.Please keep a copy of this offer for your personal records. If you have any questions regarding this offer, please feel free to contact me. Sincerely, Arlan Autospritz President Clean Car Care I accept the offer as stated above. I understand and acknowledge that this offer does not guarantee me employment for any period of time and that the employment relationship between Clean Car Care and me will be â€Å"at will†, which means that either the Company or I may terminate the relationship at any time.However, we will request that you provide at least two weeks notice of your intent to terminate your employment with us. /// I also understand and acknowledge that the Company may change the terms and conditions of my employment at any time. Signature: __________________________________________ ______________________ Jane Roberts Date References Heneman, H. G. & Judge, T. A. (2012). Staffing organizations (7th ed. ). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.

People in the film Essay

The creation of the monster involves the use of gadgets. The storm detector was needed to show when to lift the monster on to the roof. After lifting the monster up onto the table and elevating it up through a hole in the roof. It was then shocked by lightning, to bring it to life. The table the monster is position on in the centre of the room this is to put emphasis on him and to show that this is the most important aspect of the film. Dr Frankenstein brings the monster to life. A low angle is used on the monster to make him look big and scary, this is created due to the bold features of the monster. A low angle, which gives the effect that, the audience are actually watching the table rise. A tracking angle is used to follow the monster up onto the roof but when the table is on the roof a low is used, we can’t see what is happening on the roof, this creates unpredictability, which creates suspense and tension. The lighting is used on the monster, this is used to define the bold features of the face, and this lighting is low lighting. The people appear shocked, amazed and scared as if they don’t know what is happening, this influences the audience to feel the same way also this makes the audience feel insecure also because the camera angles and sound draw us into the film it makes the audience feel the same emotion as the people in the film. When the creature moves its hand a close up shot is used, this is to show that the monster is alive. When this happens the sound effects get louder, this is to increase the tension and suspense. The Dr Frankenstein shouts ‘ he’s alive, it’s alive,’ he then shakes around and he is restrained as if he was mad, this creates more tension due to Dr Frankenstein’s unpredictability and this scares the audience. In the novel we are slowly set into the scene but in the movie we are straight into the storyline this is due to that it would be boring if we were slowly set into the scene also this is a horror movie so there should be no moments where there isn’t tension. In the novel and the movie there are differences this is because there are only certain things that you can do with a book but in a film you can do more for e.g. in a film you have sounds and you can have camera angles to add to suspense and tension. In the novel Dr Frankenstein doubts what he is doing (a moral dilemma) but in the film he is very excited by what he was doing. In the book Frankenstein’s room is described as a small candle lit room but in the movie it is a big tall room with high tech equipment. In the novel Dr Frankenstein is not evil and the monster is not really evil but in the film Dr Frankenstein and the monster are perceived as evil. This is because the film is a horror movie. In the novel there are less gadgets (if any) described but in the movie there are many gadgets this is because in a movie the audience want to shocked amazed and interested, these gadgets do all of these things. In the film Frankenstein is perceived as a loner but in the novel he has a loving family and background. This is because if Frankenstein came from a loving family we couldn’t see Dr Frankenstein as evil and evil is needed to create a good horror movie. In the novel, he doesn’t have an assistant but in the film he does. In the novel the monster is created without anybody there but in the movie there are witnesses to his creation, this is because in the film the director wanted to involve the audience, which makes them scared. James Whale needs to create tension, suspense, and unpredictability to create a good horror movie. He did this by using different lighting and camera angles. He used certain camera angles to put us into the scene such as p.o.v and long shot, this shows where things are and shows what’s happening in a certain areas. He used some shots for emphasis such as close up and extreme close up; this draws your attention towards something so that you notice it. Some of the shots he used were to involve us in the scene such as low angle, rolling shot, tracking this is to make us more scared because it makes us sense what we are seeing so therefore its makes us feel ‘mise-en-scene’. The lighting that James Whale uses is under lighting, filler lighting and there is flashes of lightning these are all used to create suspense from the same building in different ways.

Installing server roles with batch file Essay

When you use this mode, it displays all the roles and features that the server can support. All the entries have a box next to them. A check mark in this box shows that you installed the role or feature on the system. When you supply the name of an XML file, this mode also places the information in the named file for you. The ServerManagerCmd always logs the results of the –query mode. You use the –logPath command line argument to specify a different location for this log. Of course, there’s one final issue to consider about the ServerManagerCmd utility — the format of the answer.xml file. Microsoft strove to keep the format of this file very simple. All you really need to provide is a list of what you want to install or remove. For example, if you want to install the Web Server role, you create an answer.xml file with the following content: Even though the < ServerManagerConfiguration> element appears on multiple lines in this book, it should appear on a single line in your file. The Action attribute tells ServerManagerCmd which task to perform. You can specify Install or Remove as the actions. The < Role> element tells ServerManagerCmd that you want it to install a new role with an ID value of Web-Server. Notice that you must enclose the ID value in double quotes. Use the < RoleService> element to install role services and the < Feature> element to install features. References Techno, C. (2014, Janruary). Retrieved from Computer Techos: http://computertechnos.blogspot.com/2009/09/window-server-2008-using.html

Operational management Essay

1. Viking Sewing Machines ltd, a large company, was engaged in manufacturing and marketing household sewing machines including electronic models and low priced mechanical models. Sale of domestic sewing machines was declining all over the world in view of the increasing popularity of readymade garments produced by companies using industrial sewing machines. At this stage there was a change in the ownership of Viking in 1997, when the CEO resigned and a new CEO took charge. Under his leadership, Viking considered the following mission statements for the company: a. To develop, produce, market and sell sewing machines and related products which enhance the joy of creative sewing; b. To be consumer driven company ensuring growth, profitability and success by providing superior satisfaction to the consumers and our dealer partners by continuously adding value to the Viking brand; c. To be recognized as the leading premier sewing machine company in the world; and d. To expand our business by creating demand for more creative uses of sewing. Which one of the above mission statements should the company adopt and why? Answer Every business had to be managed and operated with a long term seted goal. So, they need to forecast about the upcoming future of the company and that forecasting should be done in such a way so that it can be more effective and efficient for the organization in the long run. Here, the competitors had already beat the Viking Sewing Machine ltd. So to stay in the competitive market, Viking Sewing Machine ltd should adopt such a policy so that they can be sustainable in the market. Therefore, in order to be sustainable Viking Sewing Machine ltd should follow the second mission statement â€Å"to be a consumer driven company ensuring growth, profitability and success by providing superior satisfaction to the consumers and our dealer patter and by continuously adding value to the Viking Brand.† Because, consumers are the key assets for every company. When consumers will be satisfied with the product they have purchased, they themselves will repeatedly buy the products and they will promote the product by themselves to their close persons. Thus the company would gain some valued customers which will help them to be stable in the market. Again, when Viking will  maintain a good relation to their dealers (supply chain management is very important for every organization), they will be very glad for working with such a company. They will also be loyal with the company and will do for the betterment of the company always. 2. For more than ten years till 1995, Laboni stores ltd was successfully running a a number of retail stores selling cosmetics and skin care products. From 1996, sales were stagnating and now after a year had started declining. The general manager of the company made enquiries from stores in charge at various locations of stores. All of them reported that ladies, particularly the younger generation, were found to be highly discriminating about choice of products. Demand for certain branded items widely fluctuated due to movie artists’ preferences shown on the TV. Also there is a marketed tendency to equate quality with rice. The general managed decided to have environmental analysis carried out with a focus on changes in social and cultural factors among urban ladies On that basis he even thought of recommending to the board of directors a complete change in the product lines to be decided. Do you think the GM was right in his approach regarding environmental scanning? What other factors in the environment needed analysis? If there was a clear change in tastes and preferences of buyers of certain products, is it essential for the company to switch over to a different product line? Answer Every organization in the world needs to modify their business model in some context. When the demand for their products starts to decline due to the change in tastes and preferences of their customers and their competitive pressure keep increasing, they should grab a new policy for their company just to be sustaining in the competitive market. Here, considering the above mentioned fact, I would say that yes, the general manager was right in his approach regarding environmental scanning of the product. Because by scanning the environment, the company would able to know the actual demand of their products and some other factors which are hampering their market such as the quality of their competitors product, what new demand exist in  the market, what their customer wants, which innovation should they bring . As there was a clear change in the tastes and preferences of their customers of certain products, the company should switch over to a different product line based on the result s they have found from the scanning of the environment. 3. Avik industries ltd was a family owned conglomerate with diversified business activities including consumers’ durables, switchgears, batteries and both toilate and washing soapes. For a number of years the company prospered with growth in volumes and market share. But its performance had setback in 1999, when the net margins in switchgears, the most profitable product, declined from 12 to 11%, while in consumer durables it had halved to 6%, the batteries business was under pressure, and the ailing soaps division had just started looking up. The chief executive of the switchgear unit observed that the results would have been worse but for the focus on operational efficiency. For years, Avik had been organized along four divisions as independent profit centres. Except for HR and finance, all other functions were decentralized. The advantage was that each of the businesses had a strong focus. It also facilitated customer focus. The flipside was that divisions became insular and inward looking. Each division had its own ad budget even separated ad agencies. The sales force was pushed to look at short term product promotions in the face of competitive pressure. The cost of sales was rising much faster than rate of growth in sales. It seemed divisional autonomy had been pushed too far down the line. Should the divisional set up be disbanded? Or, should the divisions be converted into SBUs and spun off into separate companies? Is there any other alternative structure possible? Answer Decentralization makes all individual more creative as their decisions get more valued from the top level of the organization. So they get more encouraged to take all the decisions of the company very carefully as they know that they will be treated well for a better decision in future. Now  considering the mentioned fact, my suggestion would be neither the divisional set up should be disbanded nor a single division should be converted in to separate companies. Rather,  Avik industries ltd should disbanded their decision of decentralizing their all other departments. I would say that the decentralization would be very better for the company. And altogether, the SBUs must be added into all their separated departments. Henceforth, the decentralization will allow all other departments to make their own decision and the SBUs will put all the information of the organization from all the separated departments together. Thus, the management board and all others can look for every decision of their organization that had taken in separated departments and would be able to make any correction if they needed in future. So, the decision would mostly come from the top level of the company which will bring the betterment for the company.

Choosing a Car to Buy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Choosing a Car to Buy - Essay Example The most important factors that influenced my decision in what type of car to buy are its affordability, use and aesthetic features. I like the Toyota Corolla because even though the price is quite high for me, I think I can work for it given a good payment scheme wherein I can pay for the item within a year. As I mentioned earlier, the car will be primarily for my daily activities so I want a car that is handy enough so I will not have trouble in parking spaces and even when I am on the road. I think the Corolla is easy to maneuver because of its ideal size and I can use it to work, school or other activities such as picnics and family visits. The car is just perfect for me in terms of functionality because with the many places I could use the car for, I do not think I would need another car for other functions. Lastly, I also want the features of the car. The car looks simple from the outside which I like so much because it is not a show-off. The size of the car is really important for me as well because it affects the functions mentioned above. I do not like a smaller car simply because I do not prefer it. I want to have friends ride with me for outdoor activities so I want a car that enables me to do just that. But a larger car would be difficult to bring along to most of my activities. Although a bigger car would be nice for outdoor activities such as picnics and camping but it is not every day that I go to such occasions. The Toyota Corolla is really a perfect choice for me in terms of price, functions and size.

REAL ESTATE URBAN PLANNING PRACTICES IN EUROPE + GEOGRAPHY Essay

REAL ESTATE URBAN PLANNING PRACTICES IN EUROPE + GEOGRAPHY - Essay Example Therefore, economic efficiency entails producing the right (allocative) amount in the proper manner (productive efficiency). Distributional-justice means the distribution of impacts between known societal cohorts such as the rich or the poor, those owning cars and those without. It focuses on the minimization of the segregation or discrimination of each group based on classes in order to ascertain equity (McIntosh, 2004). In this essay, the researcher seeks to investigate and uncover the reasons behind the contradiction between the conventional economic efficiency frameworks in Europe by argument for and against the proportion that in Europe, economic efficiency calls for expansion of large shopping centres, usually out-of-town, while environmental and distributional-justice considerations often indicate that retailing should remain within the urban area / town centre. Europe’s economic efficiency calls for expansion of large shopping centres, usually out-of-town. Urban planning policy makers in Europe have shifted their attention to advice owners of large shopping centers to diversify off-cities. The urban planners advocate for such a strategy in order to ensure resource efficiency based on the utilization of the limited resources in a more sustainable manner. Such a strategy points towards the EU’s vision pushing for the economic growth while respecting scarcity of resources and planetary boundaries. The proponents of such strategies hold that economic efficiency is only achievable through ensuring both allocative and productive efficiency. Millions of Companies and consumers need to transform their production and consumption frameworks. Such transformation are feasible through a harmonious interactions of policy, investment, financing and innovation. The EU†s 2020 growth strategy projects a smart, sustainable and inclusive economy. A Roadmap to a resource-efficient Europe is the blueprint (Committee on spatial development,

Sexual Abuse Of Women In Australia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Sexual Abuse Of Women In Australia - Essay Example This result of violence can persist even long after the woman has been separated from her spouse as it will consequently take a re-arrangement of her mind as to what she is and who she is before she can let go of the notion that she does not deserve to be punished. If vital counseling does not follow separation, the victim continues to do the attackers' work on his behalf by attacking herself in his absence in order to continue fulfilling his desires. In a condition akin to the Stockholm syndrome, the victim will express sympathy with the views of her captor and even defend him when he is prosecuted for the harm he has caused her. A particularly insidious type of violence is suffered by pregnant women who have abusive spouses as it can trigger stillbirths, abortions, miscarriages, or premature births. For some reason, it has been established by research in Australia that the incidence and brutality of violence meted on women by men are higher when those women happen to be pregnant. I n an Australian survey of 400 women, 27% had experienced violence during the duration of their pregnancy. Domestic violence has been found to have the enduring impact on its sufferers and survivors. Those who survive it are plagued by a curiously powerful self-esteem that can completely cripple their lives so that they lose their capacity to believe in themselves totally. Maintaining a job can suddenly seem to be a daunting prospect to a victim who has been conditioned to believe that there is nothing of any worth that she can achieve. (De Cruz, 2010). With loss of a job will come a lower standard of living, lost income and financial stability and a compromise on health standards for the victim and her children consequently. Recent data on the violence against women figures in Australia indicate a rise in physical and sexual assault cases. Since two years ago, when just below one third of women (29%) reported having